Conventional hard magnetic materials

From fig. 14.134b can be seen that a good, however conventional, hard magnetic material such as ALNICO-5 has a By of 12 kG, connected however with bHc of less than 1 kOe. This means that for ALNICO-5, not because of its saturation magnetization but because of its low coercive field, the maximum of... 

Hard magnetic materials fall within two main categories—conventional and high energy. The conventional materials have values that range between about 2 and... 

The electronic and magnetic properties of nanolayers are important in devices formed from electronic materials that are more conventional. We have already discussed quantum well lasers (see Chapter 8) and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) devices used for hard disk read heads (see Chapter 9). Quantum well lasers may be an important component of light-based computers. Other possibilities include magnets with unusual properties (Section 11.2). 

Conventional tactile displays could hardly control delicate tactile sensation, because it was difficult to make fine distributed stimuli on a human skin under the limitations of their actuators, such as magnetic oscillators, piezoelectric actuators, shape memory alloy actuators, pneumatic devices, and so on. EAP materials have many attractive characteristics as a soft and light actuator for such a stimulation device. 

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