Controlled ring-opening polymerization CROP

Various synthetic techniques have been used to obtain homopolymers and copolymers with defined chemical compositions and low polydispersity (1) living anionic or cationic polymerization [26,27], (2) controlled ring-opening polymerization (CROP) [28], and (3) controlled radical polymerization (CRP), which includes (a) atom transfer radical polymerization, (b) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), and (c) nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (NMP) [29-31]. 

Figure 8 Main mechanistic transformation reactions in living and/or controlled polymerization methods. ATRP, atom transfer radical polymerization RAFT, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer NMRP, nitroxide-mediated free radical polymerization CROP, cationic ring-opening polymerization AROP, anionic ring-opening poiymerization.

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