Containment in downstream processing

Current containment guidelines fall into two areas  

Conventional pathogenic organisms guidelines for small-scale or laboratory use have been issued by the Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens (ACDP) in the UK and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the USA, together with the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 

Regulations covering the use of genetically-manipulated organisms in the UK and USA and elsewhere are described in Chapters 1-5. 

Before describing equipment in detail it is worth examining the general containment features that might be necessary to meet the requirements for a particular category of operation. 

Regular maintenance and/or seal replacement would be the obvious recommendation for the double and single seal arrangement before seal 

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