Conjugated morphology

Because of the aqueous solubiUty of polyelectrolyte precursor polymers, another method of polymer blend formation is possible. The precursor polymer is co-dissolved with a water-soluble matrix polymer, and films of the blend are cast. With heating, the fully conjugated conducting polymer is generated to form the composite film. This technique has been used for poly(arylene vinylenes) with a variety of water-soluble matrix polymers, including polyacrjiamide, poly(ethylene oxide), polyvinylpyrroHdinone, methylceUulose, and hydroxypropylceUulose (139—141). These blends generally exhibit phase-separated morphologies. 

Rotations around torsional barriers induce changes in chain conformation. For conjugated systems like polydiacetylenes, flow-induced changes in chain conformation can have a profound influence on the photon absorption and electronic conductivity properties of the material [73]. Flow-induced changes in molecular conformation form the basis for several technically important processes, the best known examples are the production of oriented fibers by gel spinning [74], the compatibility enhancement [75] and the shear-induced modification of polymer morphology [76]. 

M. Ariu, D.G. Lidzey, M. Sims, A.J. Cadby, P.A. Lane, and D.D.C. Bradley, The effect of morphology on the temperature-dependent photoluminescence quantum efficiency of the conjugated polymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene), J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 14 9975-9986, 2002. 

Schwartz BJ (2003) Conjugated polymers as molecular materials how chain conformation and film morphology influence energy transfer and interchain interactions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 54 141-172... 

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