Computational approaches to failure modeling

The rapid advance of computing technology over the past few decades has opened new paths to the numerical simulation of rubber s fracture and fatigue behavior. 

Perhaps the first application of such an approach was Findley s Finite Element Analysis (Findley, 1972) of the tearing energy of a crack in several plane stress cases. The widespread adoption of Finite Element Analysis now enables the energy release rate of a static crack to be evaluated for rubber 

The influence of inelastic stress-strain behavior on crack tip conditions and failure is often neglected in numerical analysis, but may be considered using some computational approaches. For this task, approaches based on configurational mechanics (Mueller and Maugin, 2002) have proven quite powerful (Naser et al., 2007,2009 Timmel et al., 2009). 

Htdpin 1965 Lake 1970 Bowen and Knauss 1992 Lake and Yeoh 1978Halpin (1965), Lake (1970), Bowen and Knauss (1992), and Lake and Yeoh (1980). 

Andrews, E.H., 1968. Fracture in Polymers, American Elsevier, New York. 

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