Complex reducing agents

Caubere, P. Complex Bases and Complex Reducing Agents. New Tools in Organic Synthesis. 73, 49-124(1978). 

Since electroless deposition involves complexants, reducing agents, and solution stabilizers, all of which adsorb to some degree or another on the deposit surface, it is unreasonable to not expect incorporation of minute amounts of elements such as C, or S from a S containing additive, in the deposit. 

Activation by ClSi(CH ). The rate of hydrogenation of some alkenes catalyzed by this complex reducing agent is increased by ClSi(CH3)3, although reduction... 

A complex reducing agent (CRA), dubbed NiCRA-bpy, was 99% effective in converting thianthrene into diphenyl over 18 hrs over 89 hrs, benzene (83%), diphenyl (8%), and dibenzothiophen (3%) were the products. The reductant was a4 2 1 2 mixture of NaH, /-AmONa, Ni(OAc)2, and bpy (88TL2963). 

Because of the different rates of hydrogenolysis, aryl halides containing different halogens can be reduced selectively. 1 -Bromo-2-chlorobenzene is reduced to chlorobenzene in 96% yield on treatment for 2 h at room temperature with a complex reducing agent prepared from nickel(II) chloride, sodium hydride and t-pentyl alcohol. l-Bromo-4-chlorobenzene is converted to chlorobenzene on treatment with... 

We shall see in Part two that this concept can also be applied to reducing properties of sodium hydride and that it leads to new reagents we called complex reducing agents . 

Sodium Hydride Containing Complex Reducing Agents... 

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