Colonisation biological

Fig. 7. A bead filter, one of many types of biological filters, shown in association with a laboratory-scale recirculating water system. Small plastic beads inside the fiber glass chamber provide surface area for colonisation by bacteria that convert ammonia to nitrate.

J. W. L. Van Vuurde and B. Schippers, Bacterial colonisation of seminal wheat roots. Soil Biology and Biochemistiy 12 559 (1980). 

C. E. Heijnen, C. H. Hok-a-Hin, and J. D. Van Elsas, Root colonisation by Pseudomonas fluorescens introduced into soil amended with betonite. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 25 239 (1993). 

Figure 1-7. The Raman spectral stackplot shows the spectra obtained from a vertical transect through the surface crust, the biological hyaline layer, algal layer, depletion zone and basal rock, from the top. Endolithic colonisation of Beacon Sandstone, Mars Oasis, Antarctica, showing zonation. The lower interface of the algal zone dominated by cyanobacteria occurs 8 nun below the upper surface of the rock...

Figure 1-17. Sabkha surface crust with gypsum and halite crystals, Rhub-al-Khalil, Arabian desert cyanobacterial colonisation at interface with subsurface dolomitized calcite. The Raman spectrum shows the presence of scytonemin and carotene in the biological zone...

G6mez, A., Adcock, G.I., Lunt, D.H., Carvalho, G.R. (2002b). The interplay between colonisation history and gene flow in passively dispersing zooplankton microsatellite analysis of rotifer resting egg banks. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 15,158-171. 

Connectivity measures distance as perceived by the studied organisms that is, how difficult it would be to move between two sites or colonise a given one taking into account the existence of harriers or facilitations to dispersal (e.g. mountains or wind currents in the direction of the dispersal, respectively). Therefore, it can be considered a biologically meaningful analogue to distance. 

In his classic, "The Origin of Terrestrial Vertebrates," Schmalhausen (1968) devotes some attention to modifications of the nasal apparatus in early tetrapods, but offers no discussion of its biological role. "The Colonisation of Land," (Little, 1983) deals with all terrestrial animals, but scarcely mentions the evolution of chemoreceptor mechanisms. 

C2H4/N2,1 3) and the second was immediately performed in H2 without exposing the samples to atmospheric air. The biological results showed a higher capability of the plasma treated samples in comparison with untreated constmcts to support osteoblast cells adhesion and proliferation. Moreover, the plasma treatment enhanced cell migration promoting the colonisation of the fabricated PCL structures. 

Fig. 1.4 Comparison of stones cleaned in the first semester of 2010 showing the recurrence of biological colonisation (greenish-greyish stains)...

The most important physical effect of peroxidation in hydrocarbon polymers is to reduce the molar mass of the polymer leading to deterioration in mechanical properties. Peroxidation, whether abiotically or biologically initiated, leads to the formation of hydrophilic chemical species such as carboxylic acids and alcohols particularly in the surface layers of the polymer. This enables microorganisms to colonise the polymer surface and utilise the low molar mass oxygenated species as nutrients in the absence of other sources of carbon. ... 

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