Cochliomyia hominivorax

Possible candidates for the female pheromone of the screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax, 6-Acetoxy-19-methylnonacosane (1),... 

GE Moya-Borja, CMB Oliveira, RA Muniz, LCB Goncalves. Prophylactic and persistent efficacy of doramectin against Cochliomyia hominivorax in cattle. Vet Parasitol 49 95-105, 1993. 

Pomonis, J. G., Hammack, L. and Hakk, H. (1993). Identification of compounds in an HPLC fraction from female extracts that elicit mating responses in male screwworm flies, Cochliomyia hominivorax. J. Chem. Ecol., 19,985-1008. 

In the screw-worm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax), courtship is generally very brief as a result, bioassays are generally based on male copulation levels (Hammack, 1986). Some CHCs show different levels between the sexes and are thought to be involved in courtship and mating (Pomonis, 1989). Similarly, in Lucilia cuprina, CHCs are thought to play a role in sexual behavior, but decisive evidence has yet to be produced (Emmens, 1981). 

Female-produced sex pheromones of the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax were first studied by Pomonis etal. in 1993. They isolated 16 pheromone candidates from the female flies, but they were unable to identify the pheromonally active compounds. In 2002, Mori and coworkers33 synthesized stereoisomeric mixtures of 45 and 46 (Figure 8), and they were found to be pheromonally active. Subsequently, all four stereoisomers of the more potent acetate 45 were synthesized as shown in Figure 8.34 In the course of the synthesis, the parent alcohol 50 was esterified with the anthracene-containing acid (15,2S)-51, and the derived ester 52 was analyzed by HPLC at —25 °C by the method of Ohrui and coworkers.26-28 All four diastereomers of 52 were separable, and therefore the stereochemical purities of the four isomers of 45 could be estimated as depicted.34... 

Figure 8 Synthesis of four stereoisomers of the most potent component 45 of the female sex pheromone of the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax.

Mediterranean fruitfly, Ceratitis capitata, 714 Reindeer nostril fly, Cephenomyis trompe, 284 Reindeer warble fly, Oedemagena tarandi, 284 Rodent botfly, Cuterebra sp., 289 Screw-worm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax, 714 Stable fly, Stomoxys spp., 250, 308 White fly, Bemisia tabaci, 303... 

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