Clinical trials parallel-group design

The simplest and probably most frequently used design for a clinical trial is the parallel-group design. Eligible patients are randomly assigned to receive one and only one of several treatments or treatment regimens. 

The TQT study is a randomized, placebo- and positive-controlled clinical trial that can adopt a crossover design or a parallel-group design. The traditional four treatment arms are as follows ... 

Elemental considerations may be broad comparisons, such as parallel group versus randomized crossover designs. Simulation also may assist in assigning the trial s primary endpoint, where the simulated probabilities of a successful trial for several clinically meaningful outcomes could be used to determine the most appropriate primary endpoint. 

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