DNA/Chromatin

Oraumbo IF, Van Duuren B. 1989. Evidence for the covalent interaction of carbon tetrachloride with mouse liver chromatin DNA in vitro. Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Carcinogensis, Report No. L231.13-18. 

Nuclear envelope segregates chromatin (DNA + protein) from cytoplasm... 

Eukaryotic DNA is tightly bound to basic proteins called histones the combination is called chromatin. DNA wraps around an octamer of core histones to form a nucleosome, blocking access to many potential DNA binding sites. 

Figure 5.9. The Cori cycle. Note that muscle and other tissues can produce excessive lactic acid in early cancer. Some lactate ionizes to H ion and thus lowers local pH. These acid effects are thought to disturb cell-to-cell interactions by ceUnlar water and pH imbalances with chromatin/DNA rearrangements and hence is proposed to initiate neoplastic environments according to the Warburg cancer theory. The Cori cycle repeats many times in advancing cancer and because of the net loss of energy by 2 ATP - 6 ATP = -4 ATPs per each Cori cycle, there is loss in the ability maintain tissne. Hence, there is a wasting of tissne over time. Cachexia is seen in a high percentage of terminal cancer patients.

Trifonov, E. N. Sequence-dependent deformational anisotropy of chromatin DNA. Nuc. Acids. Res. 1980 8 4041-4053. 

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