Chlorine Metallurgy - The Kroll Process

William Kroll (1889-1973) from Luxembourg described an economically and technically feasible way of producing titanium on a largescale [18.2]. This opened the way to the exploitation of titanium. The first step in the KroU process is the manufacture of titanium chloride. Chlorine gas is passed through a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon in high towers at a temperature of 900°C. 

During the reaction the temperature rose considerably and could be 1100°C by the end of the reaction. 

In the modern production process the gaseous titanium chloride is condensed to a Hquid that is stored in big tanks. Gaseous TiCl is passed at 850°C into molten magnesium. 

Electrolysis of magnesium chloride is used to separate chlorine and magnesium, which are recovered and recycled. 

8 head of quartz tube with water-cooling. 

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