Chiral Phosphorus Ligands for Stereoselective Hydroformylation

Chiral NHC Ligands The introduction of chirality in prochiral molecules is an extremely important task in stereoselective hydroformylation. In general, the field is dominated by the use of chiral phosphorus ligands (see Section 4.3). Although several chiral NHCs have been designed for asymmetric catalysis, only a few of them have been really tested in the asymmetric version of hydroformylation [6, 60]. 

Currently, a small number of chiral ligands that meet the requirements of highly efficient and stereoselective hydroformylation are available. Noteworthy, only a few produce satisfactory results for several substrates most of them are limited to a very small range of prochiral olefins. With respect to the huge number of phosphorus ligands that have been synthesized and screened in the last three... 

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