Chemical Analysis of the UF Fractions Using LC-OCD

The feed sample and the five permeates at 20 mL NaCI were further analysed using LC-OCD analysis (see Chapter 4 for method desciption). 

There are contaminants suspected in the neutrals and amphiphilics region. While these could come from the membranes, these contaminants are also visible in the feed sample which was never in contact with the membrane. Further, the NOM contained 8.2% of these compounds (see Chapter 4), which were mostly isolated in the hydrophilic fraction. The origin of these contaminants remains unclear and is most likely a combination of compounds leaching from the membranes, even after thorough cleaning, and natural components of the NOM which are less retained by the membranes. 

---