Charge-coupled device experimental results

Figures commonly discussed as recently as a decade ago included internal coordinates in conjunction with the location and height of deformation density peaks [12]. Most recent studies [13], on the other hand, analyze correlations between density-topological indices that require precise parameter estimates of ED models fitted to high quality and resolution intensity data. Significant improvements of experimental conditions over the past few years have resulted in an unprecedented flow of reliable XRD data. Charge-coupled devices (CCD)...

The diffraction equipment used for the study of conducting polymers in no way differs fi-om that used for the study of conventional polymers. This short section does not cover the experimental methods in any technical detail, however, but merely presents some considerations about their applicability. Details can be found in the standard books on this topic [3-5]. Admittedly, these books are somewhat dated they do not, for instance, reflect the impact of computers on both automation of equipment and data evaluation. Another result of the ever-accelerating progress in microelectronics (still based on metals and inorganic semiconductors instead of polymers), is to be found in the field of x-ray detector systems linear photodiode array detectors, Charge-Coupled-Device area detectors and Image Plate detectors have all become available recently. 

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