Characteristic damage state

As the cyclic loading continues, the microcracks grow and become macroscopic cracks. At this point, the material has reached the characteristic damage state (CDS) as marked in... 

Determining which accident sequences lead to which states requires a thorough knowledge of plant and process operations, and previous safety analyses of the plant such as, for nuclear plants, in Chapter 15 of their FSAR. These states do not form a continuum but cluster about specific situations, each with characteristic releases. The maximum number of damage states for a two-branch event trees is 2 where S is the number of systems along the top of the event tree. For example, if there are 10 systems there are 2 = 1,024 end-states. This is true for an "unpruned" event tree, but. in reality, simpler trees result from nodes being bypassed for physical reasons. An additional simplification results... 

Droxicam, a piroxicam prodrug, has similar adverse effects (SEDA-16, 113) (1). Because of many Spanish reports of non-fatal liver damage, according to the CPMP the Summary of Product Characteristics should state that serious hepatic damage can occur (SEDA-17, 113). Owing to its hepatotoxicity, droxicam has been withdrawn in many countries (SEDA-19, 99). 

The event trees modelled in the Level 1 PRA identify all of the plant event sequences that lead to core damage. Many of the core damage sequences have common characteristics with respect to the reactor system and containment system response. Such sequences can be grouped together into end states (plant damage states) to reduce the number of containment event trees that need to be quantified. The end states form the link between the core damage event tree and the containment event tree. 

The core damage sequences from the Level 1 PRA are grouped together into end states or plant damage states (PDSs) on the basis of similarities in the following characteristics ... 

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