Chain configuration and size in solution

The dimensions of a linear flexible molecule in solution can be readily calculated using an extension of the random walk concept first introduced to describe the movement of gas molecules. The influence of chain connections, bond lengths, bond angles and short- and long-range steric interactions can all be introduced into the calculation. The random walk problem readily lends itself to computer-based numerical methods and it is possible to generate pictorial representations which reflect the chemical constitution of the backbone polymer and the interactions of the polymer with itself and the solvent. 

The random coil problem will not be described in detail here, but some of the important consequences of the concept merit brief consideration. The 

The intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions can be readily measured. Hence, it is apparent from equation (2.31) that it is possible to obtain a measure of molecular weight provided F can be measured. It is more convenient to replace F, making use of the random coil concept to give an equation of the form 

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