Ceramic powder processing sintering

Ultimately, the surface energy is used to produce a cohesive body during sintering. As such, surface energy, which is also referred to as surface tension, y, is obviously very important in ceramic powder processing. Surface tension causes liquids to fonn spherical drops, and allows solids to preferentially adsorb atoms to lower tire free energy of tire system. Also, surface tension creates pressure differences and chemical potential differences across curved surfaces tlrat cause matter to move. 

M.P. Harmer, Science of sintering as related to ceramic powder processing, in Ceramic Powder Science II, Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 1, G.L. Messing, E.R. Fuller, Jr., and H. Hausner (eds.), The American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1988, pp. 824-839. 

Rahaman, M.N. (1995) Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. A detailed description of ceramic powder processing. 

Prochazka, S. Why Is It Difficult to Sinter Covalent Substances General Electric Corp. Res. and Dev. Center Technical Information Series, Report No. 89CRD025, Schenectady, NY, 1989. Matje, P. and Schwetz, K. A. in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Ceramic Powder Processing Science, Hausner, H., Messing, G. L., and Hirano, S. (Eds), Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft, Koln, 1989, pp. 377-384. 

Harmer, M.P., Science of Sintering as Related to Ceramic Powder Processing. In Cer. Trans. Vol 1. Ceramic Powder Science Messing, 6.L., Fuller, E.R. Jr. and Hausner, H. (Eds), p 824-39, American Ceramic Society, (1988). 

Tian, Y-L., Johnson, D.L. and Brodwin, M.E., Ultrafine microstructure of AloOj produced by microwave sintering. Proceedings of First International Conference on Ceramic Powder Processing Science, Orlando, Florida, USA, (1987). 

There are two further processes. Silicon-based ceramics can be fabricated by sintering or by hot-pressing. But a new route, reaetion bonding (Fig. 19.6), is cheaper and gives good precision. If pure silicon powder is heated in nitrogen gas, or a mixture of silicon and carbon powders is sintered together, then the reactions... 

---