Cell immobilization, electrostatic droplet

V. Manojlovic, J. Djonlagic, B. Obradovic, V. Nedovic, and B. Bugarski. Immobilization of cells by electrostatic droplet generation A model system for potential application in medicine. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 1(2) 163-171, June 2006. 

Fjanovic, R., Goosen, MJ.A., Nedovic, V., and Bugarski, B., Immobilization/encapsulation of cells using electrostatic droplet generation, Minerva Biotec., 12, 241-248, 2000. 

Electrostatic Droplet Generation Technique for Cell Immobilization... 

Electrostatic atomization and electrostatically assisted atomization have been employed in a variety of areas, including paint spraying [1], electrostatic printing [2], and cell immobilization [3]. The basic concept behind these applications involves electrostatic forces, which work to disrupt the liquid surface to form a charged stream of fine droplets. The effect of electrostatic forces on mechanically atomized liquid droplets was first studied in detail by Lord Rayleigh [4,5], who investigated hydrodynamic stability of a jet of liquid with and without applied electric field. 

Bugarski, B., Smith, J., Wu, J., and Goosen, M.F.A., Methods for animal cell immobilization using electrostatic droplet generation, BiotechnoL Tech., 1, 677 683, 1993. 

---