CCD Array detectors

A. F. Silva, D. L. G. Borges, B. Welz, M. G. R. Vale, M. M. Silva, A. Klassen, U. Heitmann, Method development for the determination of thallium in coal using solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with continuum source, high-resolution monochromator and CCD array detector, Spectrochim. Acta, 59B (2004), 841. 

Scientific CCD array detectors with quantum efficiencies close to 100%. 

Spectroscopic characterization of the ablated plume was performed by the time resolved emission spectroscopy. The review emission spectra from plasma were recorded in the UV and visible ranges with a CCD array detector. 

The lateral step size in Raman mapping experiments can be as small as 100 nm. In the case of imaging, the Raman signal from the observed sample area is directed by the microscope to a CCD array detector. The wavelength range for investigation has to be selected by a tuneable filter or a set of changeable filters. 

The NanoPhotometer Pearl (from Implen, GmbH www.implen.com) is a compact dual-channel Czerny Turner grating spectrometer with a 1024 pixel charge-coupled detector (CCD) array detector and xenon flash lamp source (Figure 5.30). 

The most common implementation of Raman spectroscopy is the combination of a standard spectrograph coupled to a CCD array detector. The suppression of any of the popular excitation wavelengths (see Table 8.2) is achieved by using either so-called notch or razor-edge filters. 

Figure 13.1 Schematic of Czerny-Turner spectrometer the two options for a scanning (slit plus single-element detector) and an imaging (CCD array detector) instrument are indicated...

JM Williamson, RL Bolling, RL McCreery. Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy with a 783 nm diode laser and CCD array detector. Appl Spectrosc 43 372-375, 1989. 

There are practical equipment limitations that currently prevent the acceptance of UV-Raman spectroscopy as the standard production tool for evaluation of DLC films. Raman spectrometers must be specially adapted for use with UV light. Most common optical materials do not transmit or reflect UV light with high efficiency and the standard front-illuminated CCD array detectors are not sensitive to light below 400 nm. Detector sensi-... 

FT-Raman spectrometers are now being superseded by polychromators equipped with CCD array detectors and NIR diode laser excitation. These instmments allow spectra to be measured in a few seconds. The new generation of instrumentation has helped to establish Raman spectroscopy as a routine analytical technique, with industrial process-control applications. Portable process Raman analysers enable both in-line and at-line measurements. 

Figure 3.11 Schematic setup of the ARES spectrograph (1) entrance slit, (2-5) dispersive slit illumination (DSI), (6, 9) spherical mirrors, (7) prism, (8) echelle grating, (10) CCD array detector, (R1 -R5) piezo-eleclrically controlled rotation units...

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