Cavitation liquid phase physicochemical

The important liquid phase physicochemical properties which affect the cavitation phenomena and hence the extent of cavitational effects for the given application include vapor pressure, viscosity and surface tension. 

In the sonochemical reactors, selection of suitable operating parameters such as the intensity and the frequency of ultrasound and the vapor pressure of the cavitating media is an essential factor as the bubble behavior and hence the yields of sonochemical transformation are significantly altered due to these parameters. It is necessary that both the frequency and intensity of irradiation should not be increased beyond an optimum value, which is also a function of the type of the application and the equipment under consideration. The liquid phase physicochemical properties should be adjusted in such a way that generation of cavitation events is eased and also large number of smaller size cavities are formed in the system. 

Physicochemical properties of the liquid and initial radius of the nuclei It is important to have lower initial sizes of the cavitation nuclei in the reactor and the liquid-phase physicochemical properties can be suitably adjusted (use liquids with low vapor pressure, viscosity and higher surface tension so as to get easier generation and violent collapse of the cavities). 

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