Catechin 3-gallate flavan

Catechin 3-gallate (flavan-3-ol) Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) Proteasome CHY-like activity (124 nM) [100]... 

Grape peel and seeds are especially rich in the flavan-3-ols, catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate and catechin gallate (Fig. 3). The content in the peel varies greatly (10-520 mg/kg), since it depends on the cultivar and seasonal and environmental factors [16]. In addition, the occurrence of the flavanonols astilbin (dihydroquercetin 3-rhamnoside) and engeletin (dihydrokaempferol 3-rhamnoside) has been described. 

Catechin (= Catechinic acid Catechuic acid (+)-Cyanidanol (2R,3S)-5,7,3, 4 -Tetrahy droxy-flavan-3-ol) (flavan-3-ol) Catechin 3-0-gallate (gallotannin)... 

Flavan-3-ols (+)-Catechin (-)-Epicatechin (-)-Epicatechin 3-gal late (-)-Epigallocatechin-3- gallate (-F)-Gallocatechin (-)-Epigallocatechin Procyanidins Prodelphinidins Apples, apricots, grapes, peaches, nectarines, raspberries, cherries, blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, pears, plums, and raisins [14]... 

Flavan-3-ols, often known as catechins (Fig. 11.16 of Chapter 11), are widely distributed. The most widely distributed members of this class of compounds are catechin [(+ )-(2/ ,35)-catechin] (2,3-trans) (3) and epicatechin [(-)-(2i ,3/ )-epicatechin] (2,3-cis) (30) (Fig. 12.1) which usually occur as free aglycones and not as glycosides. The known (2/ ,3S)-proanthocyanidins are tabulated by Porter (1988). The enantiomeric compounds are e f-catechin [(— )-(25,3/ )-catechin] 2,3-trans) and enf-epicatechin [( + )-(25,35)-epicatechin] (2,3-m). Some 2S-flavan-3-ols are found free and as gallate esters in plants (Stafford, 1989). Tissues that contain flavan-3-ols often contain procyanidin dimers and trimers (Haslam, 1975). Some flavan-3-ol com-... 

Flavanols are one of the most abundant classes of flavonoids, often referred to as flavan-3-ols or catechins. They are present as monomers, oligomers, and polymers and are often esterified with gallic acid [1]. The focus of this chapter are bioavailability and metabohsm of the flavanol monomers, catechin, epica-techin, and the green tea flavanols epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin gallate (Fig. 1). 

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