Catalyst preparation posttreatment

The main goal of this chapter is to present the catalytic properties under the influence of different variables before and after treatments, after a brief introduction of the catalyst preparation, with specific examples showing affected differences and not characterization methods which were reproduced partially from my book on heterogeneous catalysis, published before. It shows how industrial catalysts are affected and modified during pre- and posttreatment or reaction conditions. 

To increase catalyst recovery, efforts have been directed toward immobilization of the photocatalyst on a wide variety of materials. However, there is an inherent decrease of catalytic activity due to a reduced surface area. As such, Fe could be used to minimize or compensate for the catalyst deactivation due to the support preparation. New methods must be developed to ensure Fe ions stay adsorbed onto the photocatalyst surface to avoid further reactivation posttreatments. 

The preparation of heterogeneous catalysts is a complex operation that can incorporate many unit operations. The operation involves the formation of the catalyst precursor, separation, and purification, posttreatment, and forming. These operations can be carried out in many ways. All of these operations affect the physical and chemical properties of the final catalysts, which affect the performance in industrial use. Last, the economics of the process that uses the catalyst will be affected and is the ultimate driving force. 

This book aims to present the fundamentals of catalysis and applications illustrated with experiments performed in our laboratory, trying to understand why select the catalysts and processes. We seek to split the text into two parts. The first part presents the fundamentals addressing the activity patterns, adsorption-desorption phenomena, and advanced theories (Chaps. 1-5). The second part presents the most important conventional methods of characterizing properties (Chap. 6) the important methods of preparation with pre/posttreatment (Chap. 7) the most important traits (Chap. 8), with examples and practices spectroscopic characterizations, even in situ (Chaps. 8-12) Nanostructured catalysts (Chap. 13) the microkinetic chemistry and surface mechanisms (Chap. 14), and finally the evaluation of an industrial catalyst process (Chap. 15). 

---