Casa-Vazquez

Jou, D., Casas-Vazquez, /. and Criado-Sancho, Af. Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions under Flow Phase Separation and Polymer Degradation. VoL 120, pp. 207-266. 

Extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics theory is often applied to flowing polymer solutions. This theory includes relevant fluxes and additional independent variables in describing the flowing polymer solutions. Other contemporary thermodynamic approaches for this problem are GENERIC formalism, matrix method, and internal variables (Jou and Casas-Vazquez, 2001), which are summarized in the following sections. 

The following summary is from Jou and Casas-Vazquez (2001). In the extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics for a binary liquid mixture, the viscous pressure tensor Pv and the diffusion flux J are considered as additional independent variables. The viscous pressure tensor, Pv, by the simplest Maxwell model, is defined by the following constitutive equation ... 

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