Carcinoma Scirrhous

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the single most common histologic type of epithelial primary liver tumor. Architecturally, HCC may have a number of different patterns, the most common being a trabecular or plate-like pattern. Other patterns include acinar, pseudoglandular, scirrhous, clear cell, spindle cell, and pleomorphic. ... 

Fig. 3.36a-c. Scirrhous gastric carcinoma. Gastroscopy revealed irregular mucosal folds in the body of the stomach (a). Biopsies were negative and follow-up examinations with a barium meal (b) and ultrasound (c) revealed narrowing of the lumen, typical irregular folds, and a thickened gastric wall... 

Fig. 4.19a,b. Linitis plastica. In this patient with pernicious anaemia and gastric atrophy, an infiltrating, scirrhous carcinoma had developed which was not appreciated at endoscopy. The examinations (a) and (b) were separated by two years. Note the nodular, nondistensihle stomach in (b)... 

Fig. 4.20a,b. Linitis plastica. Another example of a scirrhous carcinoma with linitis plastica appearance undiagnosed by endoscopy. Poor distensibility ofthe stomach is shown on the harium study (a) and wall thickening confirmed by CT (b)... 

Although gastric metastases are rare (less than 2% of autopsy patients who die of carcinoma), CT is highly effective for their demonstration. They may result from direct spread such as from a carcinoma of the pancreas or kidney (Fig. 6.1.22) or from ahaematog-enous route. The latter are exemplified by melanomas that produce submucosal masses and may have a substantial exophytic component (Fig. 6.1.23), or breast carcinoma, which typically produces a scirrhous reaction in the antrum (Fig. 6.1.24). 

Balthazar EJ, Rosenberg H, Davidian MM (1980) Scirrhous carcinoma of the pyloric channel and distal antrum. Am J Roentgenol 134 669-673... 

---