Carboxylesterases protective effects

Maxwell, D.M., K.M. Brecht and D.E. Lenz. 1987b. Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on carbamate protection against soman toxicity. Proc. Sixth Chem. Def. Biosci. Rev., pp. 17—24. (cited in Somani et al., 1992)... 

Maxwell DM and Koplovitz I (1990) Effect of endogenous carboxylesterase on HI-6 protection against soman toxicity. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 254 440—444. 

Certain oximes, such as bispyridinium oxime HI 6 and 2-PAM, have been reported to protect against soman toxicity. Pretreatment with HI 6 (50 mg/kg) together with atropine (10 mg/kg) increased the LC50 (LC50 X time) in rats by a factor of 7 (Schoene et al. 1985). HI 6 is an effective reactivator of soman-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Its protective action was found to be greater in mice than in guinea pigs (Maxwell and Koplovitz 1990). In addition to reactivation of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase inhibited by soman, HI 6 produced an effect on carboxylesterase that... 

Malathion resistance was not detected in the MA-HL and FL-HL populations 10) but levels from 2.0- to 3.3-fold were determined in the SF-HL and SC-HL populations 14) (Table 1). Malathion resistance in the SF-HL strain was conqiletely synergized by DEF, indicating a role of malathion carboxylesterase, but had no effect on the SC-HL population 14) (Table 2 and 1). The SC-HL population, however, responded as a susceptible population when treated with malaoxon 14) (Table 1) and PBO actually protected this strain from malathion (data not shown), indicative of a reduced desulfuration activity (decreased formation of malaoxon) as a resistance mechanism. Similar findings using die... 

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