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Carbon-13 spin system, solid sample

The spin-lattice relaxation time for in solids is very long (several minutes). Since the nuclei have to relax before another excitation pulse can be sent, this requires hours of instrument time in order to collect a spectrum of reasonable intensity. A pulse technique called cross-polarization can be used to reduce this effect by having the protons interact with the carbon nuclei, causing them to relax more rapidly. FTNMR systems for sohd samples include the hardware and software to produce narrow line spectra from solid samples in a reasonable amount of time using high-power dipolar decoupling, MAS, and cross-polarization. [Pg.179]

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Carbon spinning

Carbon system

Carbonate systems

Sample solid samples

Sample spinning

Sampling solids

Sampling spinning sample

Sampling system

Solid carbon

Solid systems

Spin systems

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