Briquetting and Pelletizing

Carbonization is the destructive distillation of coal in the absence of air accompanied by the production of carbon and liquid and gaseous products (Chapter 16). Originally, the concept behind the carbonization was to produce coke and it is from this technology that the industrial processes of briquetting and pelletizing arose. 

The production of smokeless fuel briquettes, both for domestic and industrial use, from bituminous coal using a binder is an old art and there are several commercial processes available (Franke, 1930 Haake and Meyer, 1930 Rhys Jones, 1963 Schinzel, 1981 Perlack et al., 1986). But the increasing use of petroleum, gas, and electricity for heating purposes and the reduction in the number of individual heating plants have caused a reduction in the use of coal briquettes. In spite of this, and contradictory as it may seem, the increased use of petroleum has been of some value to the briquetting industry. During the last 20 years the intense competition from petroleum products, as well as an increase in demand by consumers for briquette quality, led to automation of the production of briquettes and a continuous improvement in quality. 

Whilst the term added value might be new, the premise of aeating such materials from coal is not. And many of the new initiatives are based on the older briquetting and pelletizing technologies. For example, the introduction of processes that produce a clean coal insofar as the product is a 

The current emphasis on the use of coal is the production of added-value products using a variety of processes by which the total coal can be used with very little wastage of the products. Such is the character of the mild gasification process (Chapter 22) and a variety of other clean coal processes (United States Department of Energy, 1993) (Chapter 22), which have brought about renewed interest in briquetting and pelletization of coal. 

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Figure 12.10. Equipment for compacting, briquetting, and pelleting, (a) Flowsketch of a process for compacting fine powders, then granulating the mass (Allis-Chahners Co.), (b) Integrated equipment for roll compacting and granulating (Fitzpatrick Co.), (c) A type of briquetting rolls, (d) A gear pelleter. (e) A double roll extruder.

B.22 U. Bossel (ed.), Brikettieren und Pelletieren von Biomasse (Briquetting and pelleting of biomass), SOLENTEC Fachbuchvertrieb, Adelebsen, FR Germany (1983). 

Brikettieren und Pelletieren von Biomasse (Briquetting and pelleting of biomass)... 

Uses DispersanL binder, soil and dust stabilizer, carbon bik., briquetting and pelletizing of coal and charcoal, ceramic additive Properties 100% powd., 50 and 58% liqs. 

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