Branched-chain sugars natural occurrence

Principal Branched-chain Sugars and Cyclitols of Natural Occurrence... 

Shafizadeh, F., Branched-chain Sugars of Natural Occurrence, 11, 263-283 Shafizadeh, F., Formation and Cleavage of the Oxygen Ring in Sugars, 13,9-61 Smith, F., Analogs of Ascorbic Acid, 2, 79-106... 

F. Shafizadeh, Branched-chain sugars of natural occurrence, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem., 11 (1962) 263-283. 

Shafizadeh, F., Branched-chain Sugars of Natural Occurrence, XI, 263-283... 

In O Scheme 1, O Scheme 2 and O Scheme 3, some of the important representatives of natural monosaccharides are presented and compiled by the three different classes deoxy-sugars, amino-sugars, and branched-chain sugars. O Table 1 lists their names and natural sources of occurrence. 

In recent years branched-chain sugars of comparatively rare occurrence have been isolated from natural sources as examples, apiose from the parsley plant and the leaves and fibres of Posidonia australis (p. 59), hamamelose from the tannin of witch hazel bark, and deoxy branched... 

Occurrence in nature of branched-chain carbohydrates has prompted interest in the syntheses of these complex structures and stimulated the preparation of analogues for biological evaluation. Consequently, new methods for the construction of these particular skeletons have been devised [1]. The use of carbohydrates as a cheap source of chiral starting materials [2-4] for the synthesis of complex, nonsugar molecules has prompted the emergence of new imaginative methods for formation of carbon-carbon bonds adapted to the particular reactivity of sugar moieties. 

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