Bone Substitutes and Implant Materials

These materials have undergone intense development over the past decade or so. Around 15 million implants had been made in the United States alone, by the mid-1990s. 

With ceramic materials, four types of bioresponse may be found when implanted in the body  

Porous Implant becomes fixed by intergrowth in its pores 

Bioactive Implant becomes fixed by chemical bond formation between it and the surrounding tissues 

Resorbtion Implant becomes soluble and is removed by gradual dissolution 

---