Bonds - continued strength

Vessel heads can be made from explosion-bonded clads, either by conventional cold- or by hot-forming techniques. The latter involves thermal exposure and is equivalent in effect to a heat treatment. The backing metal properties, bond continuity, and bond strength are guaranteed to the same specifications as the composite from which the head is formed. AppHcations such as chemical-process vessels and transition joints represent approximately 90% of the industrial use of explosion cladding. 

D. B. Zahl, S. Schmauder, and R. M. McMeeking, Transverse Strength of Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Strongly Bonded Continuous Fibers in Regular Arrangements, Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 42, 2983-2997 (1994). 

From the results presented in Fig. 6, we again see a sequence of high, intermediate, and low strength regimes for carbohydrate L-selectin bonds where strength also falls continuously from... 

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