Bohr, Neils, atomic model

Bohr, Neils (Denmark) in 1913 proposed an atomic model where electrons could move only in certain stable orbits. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 and died in 1962 at age 77. 

The structure of the atom as drawn here, with electrons orbiting a central positive nucleus, was proposed by the Danish scientist, Neils Bohr. It worked well for hydrogen, but is not a good model for the atoms of other elements. 

Neils Bohr (1885-1962) proposed an orbital model of the nuclear atom in which electrons in an atom moved around the nucleus, just as planets move around the sun. 

It was the analysis of the line spectrum of hydrogen observed by J. J. Balmer and others that led Neils Bohr to a treatment of the hydrogen atom that is now referred to as the Bohr model. In that model, there are supposedly allowed orbits in which the electron can move around the nucleus without radiating electromagnetic energy. The orbits are those for which the angular momentum, mvr, can have only certain values (they are referred to as quantized). This condition can be represented by the relationship... 

Figure 3.25 Neils Bohr, who in 1913 postulated the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, from which derives the notion of electronicshellsthat initiated the modern atomictheory of chemical reactions, as well as the concept of energy levels that underlie the design of lasers. (Published with permission from the Deutsches Museum, Munich.)...

Two other models for the atom are important. One was proposed by a Danish scientist by the name of Neils Bohr in 1913. This model was called the solar system model because he proposed that the electrons orbit the nucleus much like the planets orbit the sun. The other was proposed by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrodinger in 1926. The Schrodinger model is called the quantum mechanical model and is the model that we use today to explain and predict atomic behavior. Each of these two models is explained more fully in the sections that follow. A summary of the history of the development of atomic theory is given in Table 4.1... 

Understanding of Earth history and geological materials has been greatly facilitated by the discovery of fundamental chemical principles. It has been more than 200 years since Dalton first theorized on the stracture of the atom and more than 100 years since Mendelev s 1870 version of the periodic table had reached the form close to that we use today. But it was Rutherford s 1911 planetary model and Neil Bohr s 1913 electrostatic model of the atom that allowed geologists to become geochemists and rigorously apply these new ideas to the study of the earth. 

---