Blood flow electrical models

A ferret model of acute arterial thrombosis was developed by Schumacher et al. (1996a,b). A 10-min anodal electrical stimulation of 1 mA was delivered to the external surface of the carotid artery while measuring carotid blood flow. This produced an occlusive thrombus in all vehicle treated ferrets within 41 3 min with an average weight of 8 1 mg. Thrombus weight was reduced by aspirin or a thromboxan receptor antagonist. 

Liposomal ATP protected human endothelial cells from energy failure in a cell culture model of sepsis (21). ATP-L increased the number of ischemic episodes tolerated before electrical silence and brain death in the rat (22,23). In a hypovolemic shock-reperfusion model in rats, the administration of ATP-L increased hepatic blood flow during shock and reperfusion of the liver (24). The addition of the ATP-L during cold storage preservation of rat liver improved its energy state and metabolism (25,26). Co-incubation of ATP-L with sperm cells improved their motility (27). Finally, biodistribution studies demonstrated significant accumulation of ATP-L in ischemia-damaged canine myocardium (28). 

Figure 6.2 Model of platelet-dependent coronary occlusion following electrically-induced endothelial injury in the dog (upper panel). Passage of a 150 /zA current results in a fall in coronary artery pressure distal to the electrode and in coronary artery blood flow, with complete occlusion occurring at 70 minutes (lower panel)...

Electric analog models are a class of lumped models and are often used to simulate flow through Ae network of blood vessels. These models are useful in assessmg Ae overall performance of a system or a subsystem. Integration of Ae fluid momentum equation (longitudinal direction, in cy-... 

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