BLEANEY

Abragam, A., Bleaney, B. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Transition Ions. Dover, New York (1986)... 

See, for example, Abragam A. and Bleaney, B. (1970) Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ofTransition Metal Ions, Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 650-653. 

Let us see what the energy levels look like for these two systems and try to understand how Baker, Bleaney, and Bowers determined the values given in Table 6.2. The spin Hamiltonian is ... 

Watch out In many physics textbooks on EPR (e.g., Abragam and Bleaney 1970), you will not hnd Equation 5.12 (or its equivalent Equation 5.13) but a different expression, namely ... 

The very first EPR pattern ever analyzed in terms of exchange interaction is the X-band spectrum of a crystal of copper acetate hydrate (Bleaney and Bowers 1952), whose stoichiometry is written as Cu2(CH3C00)4 2H20 because it forms dimers of Cu(II) bridged by four carboxylato ligands and with a water molecule at each end of the dimer (van Niekerk and Schoening 1953). The powder of copper acetate is a cheap, stable, and easy to measure example compound for exchange interaction. 

In their subsequent analysis Baker and Bleaney (ibidem) decided to ignore the last term on the assumption that gdl 3b hv. Although this is a reasonable approximation for lanthanide and actinide integer-spin ions doped in single crystals, it is not usually an acceptable assumption for the broad-line spectra from metalloproteins. Furthermore, the assumption of a A-distribution around zero (i.e., D 0 but all other zero-field interaction parameters are zero) is equally untenable for biomolecules. Therefore, we go for a later extension of the theory, based on a full Equation 12.9 and on (A) 0, for application to metalloproteins (Hagen 1982b). 

Baker, J.M. and Bleaney, B. 1958. Paramagnetic resonance in some lanthanon ethyl sulphates. Proceedings of the Royal Society London A 245 156-174. 

Bleaney,B. and Bowers, K.D. 1952. Anomalous paramagnetism of copper acetate. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 214 451—465. 

Bleaney, B., Bowers, K.D., and Pryce, M.H.L. 1955. Paramagnetic resonance in dilute copper salts III. Theory, and evaluation of the nuclear electric quadrupole moments of 63Cu and 65Cu. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 228 166-174. 

Bleaney, B. and Scovil, H.E.D. 1952. Paramagnetic resonance in praseodymium ethylsulphate. Philosophical Magazine 43 999-1000. 

It is worth noting here that negative q values correspond to complex operators, while Stevens parameters are always real [19]. The forms of the operator equivalents are reported in Table 1.3 [20], and the corresponding matrix elements are found tabulated in books by Abragam and Bleaney and by Altshuler... 

B.I. Bleaney, B. Bleaney Electricity and Magnetismus, 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford (1976)... 

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