Biological fuel cell membrane separation

Small fuel cells are considered a strong candidate for the next generation of portable power supplies. A microfluidic fuel cell is defined as a fuel cell with fluid delivery and removal, reaction sites and electrode structures all confined to microfluidic channels. This type of fuel cell can use both metallic and biological catalysts and normally operates without a physical barrier, such as a membrane, to separate the electrodes. Other types of small fuel cells, such as microstructured polymer electroljde membrane-based fuel cells, will not be covered in this entry. 

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