Bile salt-independent pathway

Bile is produced by the hepatocytes and modified by the cholan-giocytes that line the bile ducts. Adults produce approximately 400-800 mL of bile daily. The bile salt-dependent pathway produces approximately 225 mL/day, the bile salt-independent pathway produces approximately 225 mL/day, and cholangiocytes produce a further 150 mL/day. 

The bile salt-independent pathway depends on osmotically active solutes such as glutathione and bicarbonate to generate water flow into the canaliculi. It has been shown that bile flow continues at zero bile salt excretion, i.e. a bile salt-independent process. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

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