Biaryl synthesis synthetic applications

Palladium chemistry, despite its immaturity, has rapidly become an indispensable tool for synthetic organic chemists. Today, palladium-catalyzed coupling is the method of choice for the synthesis of a wide range of biaryls and heterobiaryls. The number of applications of palladium chemistry to the syntheses of heterocycles has grown exponentially. 

Despite growing importance of axially chiral biaryls as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric synthesis, direct synthetic methods accessing to the enantiomerically enriched biaryls from achiral precursors are still very rare, Application of asymmetric cross-coupling to construction of the chiral biaryls is one of the most exciting strategies to this goal. The reported application... 

Atropisomeric biaryls, in particular binaphthyls, play an important role in the chemistry of molecular recognition1-. There arc also many applications in synthetic chemistry as chiral reagents and catalysts (for some reviews, see refs 5-7). Their stereoselective synthesis from chiral substrates or with chiral catalysts is described in Section B.2. This section will, therefore, only present syntheses of practical importance. 

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