Benzyne with 1,2-benzisothiazoles

Although 1,2,5-thiadiazoles have been shown to undergo cycloaddition with benzyne <82CC299>, the predominant mode of attack is at sulfur. The result is extrusion of a nitrile and formation of a 1,2-benzisothiazole (22) (Scheme 4) <88JCS(Pl)2l4l>. 

Cycloaddition of benzyne intermediates with aminothiazadienes provide access to substituted 2,4-diamino-4//-l,3-benzothiazines 196 in high yields. The benzynes are prepared by the treatment of (phenyl)[o-(trimethylsilyl)aryl]-iodonium triflates with 1.5 equiv of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Scheme 20). Interestingly, 3-substituted-l,2-benzisothiazoles 197 are obtained when 4 equiv of tetrabutylammonium fluoride is used <2005H(65)1615>. 

Benzyne, generated either by oxidation of 1-aminobenzotriazole with lead tetraacetate or by decomposition of benzenediazonium-2-carboxylate, was efficiently trapped by (2) to give 88% of the 1,2-benzisoselenazole (26) however, it was trapped in only 5-10% yield by (1). The series of adducts analogous to (26), prepared from benzyne and substituted benzoselenadiazoles (81JCS(P1)607), occurred via attack of the benzyne at the selenium atom followed by reorganization of the intermediate according to Scheme 6. Benzyne addition to dimethylthiadiazole produced methyl derivatives of quinoline and 1,2-benzisothiazole (82CC299). 

Isothiazoles are reported to yield the lactam (101) on reaction with diphenyl ketene <85BSB149>. Ethyne dicarboxylate esters add to 2,1-benzisothiazole to generate quinoline esters (102), and benzyne reacts to yield aeridine <83H(20)489, 88JCS(Pl)2l4l>. 2-Methyl-2,l-benzisothiazolin-3-thione with acetylene esters forms 2-iminobenzoquinone methides (103), which dimerize to give diazocines (104) or further react with the ethyne ester to yield diadducts (105). The initial adduct formed with phenylethyne and 2-methyl-2,l-benzisothiazolin-3-thione rearranges to produce l,2-dithiole[3,26]... 

X = S) to DMAD to yield dimethyl 5-phenylisothiazole-3,4-dicarboxylate is much slower than the corresponding oxathiazolone (282) (X = O) <89JCS(Pl)2489>. The thermal decomposition of ethyl 2-azido-3-(3-azido-2-thienyl)propenoate (283) results in the formation of ethyl 5-cyano-isothiazole-3-carboxylate (284) together with the thienopyridazine (285) <84JCS(P1)915>. The addition of benzyne to 3,4-dimethyl-1,2,5-thiadiazole (286) gives 3-methyl-1,2-benzisothiazole <82CC299>. 

The thiochromanones (95 R = Me or Ph) react with hydroxylamine 0-mesitylenesulphonate to yield sulphilimines (96) these, with base, rearrange to 1,2-benzisothiazoles (97). A remarkable preparation of a 1,2-benzisothiazole (99 X = S) and of a 1,2-benzisoselenazole (99 X = Se), by the reaction of 2,l,3-benzothia-(or selena-)diazole (98 X = S or Se) with benzyne, has been reported. Another interesting synthesis, this time of a 2,1-benzisothiazole (102), is by the reaction of the fluorosilylated amine derivative (100) with bis(tri-methylsilyl)sulphur di-imide (101). ... 

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