Nomenclature benzene derivatives

When applying this principle to replacement names generated from fusion nomenclature, it is essential to keep in mind that fusion names for hydrocarbons ending in -cycloalkene are for fully unsaturated skeletons the -ene ending implies whatever number of double bonds may be necessary, without a multiplier. Thus (117) has six double bonds in the twelve-membered ring, and one must add ten hydrogens to saturate it to the stage of a simple benzene derivative, compound (118). 

Benzene derivatives. Tbe nomenclature is a combination of the lUPAC system and traditional names. Many of the derivatives are named by the substituent group appearing as the prefbt. These may be considered a subclass of the aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon family, which contains both aliphatic and aromatic units in its structures. Thus, alkylbenzenes are made up of a benzene ring and alkane units alkenylbenzenes are Composed of a benzene ring and alkene units and alkynylbenzenes comprise a benzene ring and alkyne units. Examples of alkylbenzenes include... 

The nomenclature of benzene derivatives is described in Sec. 4.6. Common names and structures to be memorized include those of toluene, styrene, phenol, aniline, and xylene. Monosubstituted benzenes are named as benzene derivatives (bromobenzene, nitrobenzene, and so on). Disubstituted benzenes are named as ortho- (1,2-), meta- (1,3-), or para- (1,4-), depending on the relative positions of the substituents on the ring. Two important groups are phenyl (C6H5-) and benzyl (C6H5CH2-). 

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons 735 16-11 Aromatic Allotropes of Carbon 737 16-12 Fused Heterocyclic Compounds 739 16-13 Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives 740... 

A few words of clarification about the nomenclature are relevant here. Columnar phases have been known for many years they were evident, for example, in the work of Spegt and Skoulios (28) on metal soaps, although these are not classical disk-shaped molecules. In 1977, however, a hexasubstituted benzene derivative was reported (29), this derivative was the first example of a properly disk-like mesogen, and the term discotic was coined to describe the mesophases it formed. Thus, for example, the discotic hexagonal phase was labeled Dh- The introduction of this nomenclature has actually caused confusion as disk-like molecules are not alone in their capacity to form columnar phases (indeed, some... 

The nomenclature of benzene derivatives is similar to the nomenclature for saturated ring systems. If there is more than one substituent present, numbers are used to indicate substituent positions. For example, the compound... 

Many organic molecules contain a benzene ring with one or more substituents, so we must leam how to name them. Many common names are recognized by the lUPAC system, however, so this complicates the nomenclature of benzene derivatives somewhat. 

Claisen-Schmidt condensation, 720, 728 with methylamine, 673, 873 nitration, 467, 873 reductive amination, 881 with vinyllithium, 556 Benzenamine, 859. See also Aniline Benzene, 54, 399-406, 433 34 acidity of, 552, 577 Birch reduction of, 413-414 derivatives, nomenclature of, 406-408 electrophilic aromatic substitution in,... 

Solution All of these structures are derivatives of benzene. Hence, a consideration of the nomenclature of benzene derivations will aid in the drawing of these compounds. ... 

Aromatic Character and Properties 302 Nomenclature and Structure of Benzene Derivatives... 

The Discovery of Benzene 627 Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives 628 Reactions of Benzene 630 The Kekule Structure for Benzene 631 The Thermodynamic Stability of Benzene 632 Modern Theories of the Structure of Benzene 634 Huckel s Rule The 4n +2 tt Electron Rule 637 Other Aromatic Compounds 645... 

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