Batch cleaning systems operating temperature

The fundamentals and practical use of MAE have been described in detail in several review articles (68-70) and books (18, 71, 72). The following text focuses on closed-vessel (pressurized) MAE, which permits extractions at elevated temperatures. A major difference of MAE compared to SEE and PLE, in addition to its unique heating performance, is that the commercially available MAE systems today operate in batch mode. The possibility of built-in clean-up is therefore difficult to perform and related to the design of the instrumentation. Both automated SEE and PLE are most commonly used in a dynamic or semidynamic mode, which simplifies the development of combined extraction/clean-up strategies. 

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