Caffeine Azoles

Estazolam (Prosom) [C-IV] [Hypnotic/Benzodiazepine] Uses Short-term management of insomnia Action Benzodiazepine Dose 1-2 mg PO qhs PRN -1- in hqjatic impair/elderly/debilitated Caution [X, -] t Effects w/ CNS d ressants Contra PRG Disp Tabs SE Somnolence, weakness, palpitations, anaphylaxis, angioedema, amnesia Interactions t Effects W7 amoxicillin, clarithromycin T effects OF diaz am, phen5rtoin, warfarin X effects W7 food X effects OF azole antifungals, digoxin EMS Use caution w/ other benzodiazepines, may need a reduced dose concurrent EtOH and caffeine use can t CNS effects OD May cause alt ed reflexes, drowsiness, CNS depression, slurred speech, and Szs flumazenU can be used as an antidote... 

The oxidative addition of neutral azoles can be utilized for the synthesis of C-metallated biomolecules such as caffeine or adenine. For example, 8-chlorocaffeine 73 reacts with Pd° or Pt° complexes to yield the complexes bearing a C8-metallated caffeine carbene ligand. Depending on the reaction conditions, both the N-protonated derivatives 74 and the complexes bearing a caffeine ligand with an unsubstituted nitrogen atom adjacent to the carbene carbon atom 75 have been isolated and crystallographically characterized (Scheme 9.23) [79]. 

Complexes bearing protic NHC ligands are accessible by various synthetic routes such as the deprotonation of azoles followed by reaction with a transition metal complex, the template-controlled cyclization of functionalized isocyanides, and the oxidative addition of different azoles to transition metal complexes. The complexes with simple monodentate NR,NH-NHCs often tend to tautomerize to give the N-bound azoles. This type of tautomerization is prevented in complexes with donor-functionalized NR,NH-NHCs. Recent smdies demonstrate that complexes with protic NHCs obtained from C2-H azoles are formed by an oxidative addition/reductive elimination reaction sequence. The N—H group in complexes with protic NR,NH-NHCs can serve as a hydrogen bond donor and thus as a molecular recognition unit and may enable various types of bifunctional catalysis. Recent smdies indicate that even biomolecules such as caffeine can be C8-metallated. It... 

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