Avicennas Criticism of Kalam in the Isharat

26 This overview of these three sections of the Ishdrdt draws on my Al-Razl s Shark . 

29 On the Avicerman notion of estimative propositions (wahmiyydt) and the faculty of estimation -wahm), see Avicenna, Najdt, 115-118 cf. Black, Estimation wahm) in Avicenna Hall, The Wahm in Ihn Sina s Psychology Griffel, Al-Ghazali s Use of Original Human Disposition [Pip d) , 10 ff 

30 Avicenna, Ishdrdt, 3,59 65. On Avicenna s notion of analysis , see McGinnis, Penetrating 

al-Ghaz rejects Avicenna s analysis of coming-to-be into a prior state of (continued) nonexistence, a subsequent state of (continued) existence, and an attribute of (continued) existence. Instead, he reasserts the classical kaldm conception of coming-to-be as, strictly speaking, an occurrence that lasts no longer than an instant 

Al-Mas udi nowhere mentions al-Ghazali in relation to this specific problem, yet I will argue towards the end of the present section that the Tahdfut is a key part of the background. For now, we must circle back to the Ishdrdt. 

---