Average elastic modulus

In order now to evaluate the exponent rp we make recourse to the law of mixtures, given by relation (21), which expresses the elastic modulus of the composite in terms of the moduli and the radii (or volume fractions) of the constituent phases. This relation yields the average elastic modulus for the mesophase Ef. Then, it is valid for the mesophase layer that ... 

The value of pc is the average elastic modulus of the crystallites assumed randomly arranged, in a wholly crystalline aggregate. However, clearly... 

SiC whiskers having a diameter of 4-6 p,m and a length of 5 mm have been reported to possess an averaged tensile strength of 8.40 GPa and an average elastic modulus of 581 GPa [40]. Commercially available SiC whiskers are usually smaller, and typically have a diameter of approximately 1 p.m and a length of several tens of microns or more (see Figure 15.1.5). 

In conclusion, the homogenization analysis procedure can be stated as follows (1) The microscale equation (7.12) is first solved under the periodic boundary condition, which gives the characteristic function Ai(xi). (2) Using the characteristic function Ai(xi) we then calculate the averaged elastic modulus E. (3) The macroscale equation (7.14) can then be solved, giving the first perturbed term o(- °). Sinee Mi(x ,x1) is calculated by (7.11), the first order approximation of M (x) can be represented as... 

Average elastic modulus (MPa) 0.5-3.0 0.1-2.0 Elastic modulus is typically nonlinear with respect to strain. 

The crosslinking of polyurethane resin composed of diisocyanate derived from 4,4 -diisocyanate diphenylmethane and a low-viscosity polyethertriol was also investigated under micro-wave conditions. The reactions were carried out without a catalyst and led to final networks with mechanical properties least equivalent to those prepared under conventional conditions. For example, the average elasticity modulus determined from uniaxial compression with samples (25 mm of height and 12.5 mm of diameter) was equal to 3120 MPa for curing under... 

Figure9 shows elastic modulus of all trabeculae specimens. The average elastic modulus of five specimens was 8.7GPa, meanwhile the elastic modulus scattered widely. FigurelO shows 3D image of specimen No.l (elastic modulus 9.5GPa) and No.2 (elastic modulus 6.9GPa) observed with voxel size of 0.6pm. Specimen No.2 has bigger defect than specimen No.l. Therefore, these defects are drought to be one reason for the smaller elastic modulus of specimen No.2.

Gp=Averaged elastic modulus of the aggregate with respect to all its possible angular deformahons (bending, twisting)... 

After applying the repair, the average elastic modulus of the pipe and composite assembly, av. is calculated using Eqn (11.3) ... 

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