Atom transfer radial polymerization

Li et al. (2008) studied the modification of interlayer and outer layer for natural HNTs with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane using the atom transfer radial polymerization (ATRP) method. The addition of modified HNTs into polystyrene led to the polymerization occurring inside and outside HNT tubular sheets. Li et al. (2008) worked on the HNT modification by combining silane with epoxy resin. The modified HNTs appeared to be better dispersed with improved mechanical properties of resulting polymer/HNT nanocomposites. Tang et al. (2011, 2012) utilized phenylphosphonic acid to modify unfolded HNTs, which could be converted from tubular fillers to... 

Matyjaszewski K, XiaJ Atom transfer radial polymerization, Chem Rev 101(9) 2921—2990,... 

The formation of living polymer obeys a completely different mechanism than faced in radial polymerization. With living polymers, highly uniform materials can be synthesized. Living polymerization includes not only anionic polymerization but also atom transfer radical polymerization, living controlled free radical polymerization. 

A bewildering array of names are used to describe the various controlled/living radial polymerization techniques currently in use. These include stable free radical polymerization (SFRP) [35-38], nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) [39], atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [40-42 ] and degenerate transfer processes (DT) which include radical addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) [43, 44] and catalyst chain transfer (CCT). These techniques have been used to polymerize many monomers, including styrene (both linear and star polymers) acrylates, dienes, acrylamides, methacrylates, and ethylene oxide. Research activity in this field is currently expanding at a very high rate, as is indicated by the many papers published and patents issued. 

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