Aromatic Amorphous Polyamides PARA

There is a great diversity of amorphous aromatic or semi-aromatic polyamides (PARA). The commercial resins include TrogamicT, Quiana , AmodeF, etc. They have been blended to improve the mechanical properties and impact strength, as well as to enhance the barrier properties of the matrix resin to permeation by gases or liquids. Examples of blends with PARA are listed in Table 1.74. Blends of PARA were also discussed along other blends of polyamides. 

PARA with POM Toughness and impact strength Asahi Qiem. Ind. 1969 

PARA with semicrystalline PA Improved oxygen barrier properties Dynamit Nobel 1969 

PAI with PA-66 or PARA Processability and mechanical properties Toray Ind. 1979, 1981 

PARA with PC Nacreous, resistant to oils and boiling water Mitsubishi Qiem. 1980 

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Table 1.75. Blends with aromatic amorphous polyamides (PARA)...

PARA Polyarylamide aromatic amorphous polyamide PArSi Poly(aryloxysiloxane)... 

Linear, aromatic polyamides (PARA) are either liquid crystalline, semicrystalline, or amorphous. Mainly the latter resins are used in blends with PP, viz. PARA with PP-MA [Iwanami et al.,... 

Liquid crystal aromatic polyamides (PARA), poly(meia-phenylene isophthalamide), Nomex , and poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide), Kevlar -49, were commercialized in 1961 and 1965, respectively. Amorphous aromatic polyamide, Trogamid , was introduced in 1969, and polyphthalamide Amodel in 1991. 

Linear, aromatic polyamides (PARA) are either liquid crystalline, semicrystalline, or amorphous. Mainly the latter resins are used in blends with PP, viz., PARA with PP-MA (Iwanami et al. 1990), PARA with PE-MA, or PP and hydrazine (Yoshihara 1990). Blends of copolyphthalamide (PPA) with PP were compatibihzed using either PP-MA (Paschke et al. 1993, 1994) or PP grafted with acrylic acid (Brooks et al. 1993, 1994). 

To the category of amorphous, aromatic polyamides (PARA) belong polyphthalamides (PPhA), e.g., AmodeF (Tg = 127 °C, T = 310 C, HDT = 285 °C, CUT = 180 °C). PPS/PARA blends were formulated to increase the reinforcing effects of GF on PPS. They show good processability, mechanical performance, and resistance to thermal degradation. 

PARA Aromatic (mainly amorphous) polyamide PBl Poly(butene-l)... 

PARA polyester of bisphenol-A with isophthalic and terephthalic acids Polyaryl amide (aromatic, usually amorphous polyamide)... 

Aromatic amorphous or semicrystalline polyamides, PARA, such as copolyamide from caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine and iso- and tere-phthalic acids, PA-6IT6, or copolyphthalamide, PPA, are frequent components of polymer blends. Their advantage is low permeability to liquids and gases, stiffness and high HDT. Several blends of PP with PARA have been described, e.g. with either PP-MA, PE-MA, or PP grafted either with acrylic acid or GMA. Usually, these blends must be heat stabilized with phosphite ester or hydrazine. The alloys are often reinforced by addition of glass fibers and talc. 

It has been known since the early days that behavior of the aromatic polyamides (aramids or PARA) critically depends on the type of isomeric substitutions — para resulted in crystalline, while meta in amorphous resins [Kwolek et al, 1962]. 

PARA Amorphous, aromatic polyamide Trogamid Dynamit Nobel... 

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