Applications of the PHIP Method

It is also possible to screen catalysts according to their selectivities (regio- and stereoselectivity), their stabilities, and rates, since kinetic investigations can be carried out as well [23]. In addition, the application of especially designed NMR pulse sequences further extends the possibilities of the PHIP method [19]. For all of these applications, the main advantage of PHIP is the remarkable signal enhancement which is combined with a spectroscopic in situ method of observation. 

With the basic (albeit unconventional) tools at hand, we will focus in the following on the detection of key intermediates with standard NMR and the application of the PHIP method to mechanistic studies of enantioselective enamide hydrogenations. 

Studying the Catalytic Mechanism of Enantioseiective Hydrogenation with NMR Spectroscopic Methods 

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