Application of Transition Metal Catalysis in Heterocyclic Synthesis Typical Examples

Application of Transition Metal Catalysis in Heterocyclic Synthesis (Typical Examples) 

We have already mentioned the importance of transition metal catalysis in the field of heterocyclic synthesis, and numerous examples of such applications have been reported throughout the text (see also the References section for further reviews). Generally, the problem of heterocycle formation can be solved by the application of typical transition metal catalyzed processes to intramolecular reactions. 

some very specific reactions lead directly to the formation of heterocyclic nuclei. This approach offers, in some cases, the possibility of building up an elaborate heterocyclic system directly from simple molecules. 

A typical example of such an application is the one step synthesis of pyridines directly from acetylenes and nitriles (Bonnemann synthesis [4]). 

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