Application of Thermodynamic Cycles

Application of Thermodynamic Cycles Why Thermodynamic Cycles Are Successful 

The success of using the thermodynamic cycles as described above stems from the local character of the induced perturbations and is clearly demonstrated by Eq. [55]. There, AF is expressed as a sum of energy differences based only on the interactions between the n created and annihilated atoms with the rest of the system. Hence, if the number of atoms n is small, the energy fluctu- 

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