Apparent tilt angle

The apparent tilt angle of polymer XVI as a function of the applied voltage is depicted in Fig. 23. 

The main features of the antiferroelectric switching in FLCPs are a third state, which shows an apparent tilt angle of zero, a less marked threshold between the three states when compared to the low molecular weight antiferroelectric liquid crystals, a hardly observed hysteresis, and an anomalous behavior of the spontaneous polarization with temperature (Fig. 24), which is not encoun-... 

Fig. 4.5-97 MHPOBC. 6 versus E. 0 is the apparent tilt angle. Sample cell thickness = 3 p,m...

Fig. 4.5-95 DOBAMBC. Ps and 0 versus T — n-i. 9 is the apparent tilt angle, and n-i is the fenoelectric transition temperature...

FIGURE 7,23. Tristable electrooptical switching. Above hysteresis of the apparent tilt angle, which correlates with the average value of the polarization in the cell versus the applied voltage. Below the microscopic interpretation of the antiferroelectric state in the helical and imwound versions. 

FLC material Apparent tilt angle/" Layer tilt angle/" Tilt angle/"... 

FLC material Apparent tilt angle/ Layer tilt angle/ Tilt angle/ ... 

Figure 9.3. Apparent tilt angle under the application of a dc electric field in MFIPOBC [10]. Note the threshold and double hysteresis behaviors.

Park et al. [92] measured the effective optical anisotropy Angfr, the apparent tilt angle app, the switching current, and the second-harmonic generation in the three-component mixture (3 4 5 = 40 40 20 (wt%) in Figure 9.26) and... 

Figure 9.29. (a) The rotating angle dependences of transmittance [T- for F — +6 V/pm (closed circles), 0 V/pm (open squares), and —6 V/pm (open circles), (b) The apparent tilt angle 0app as a function of applied electric field, (c) Aweff as a function of the applied electric field. Solid and broken lines are simulated results using the collective and random models, respectively. The collective model with a layer tilt of 8° fits perfectly [92]. 

Figure 16. Ordinary tristable switching (a) apparent tilt angle versus applied electric field (b) optical transmittance versus applied electric field (c) molecular tilt directions during the pretransitional effect and in the antiferroelectric (AF) and ferroelectric (F) states.

The optical transmittance using crossed polarizers and applying a triangular wave volUige with a frequency of 0.01 Hz shows a typical double hysteresis. The induced apparent tilt angle (IHg. 9S) measured for some temperatures within the Sx phase shows tte transition from the antiferroelectric to the ferroelectric slate. 

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