Antibiotics empiric-based therapy with

The severity of a patient s infection, based on the PEDIS scale, guides the selection of empirical antimicrobial therapy. While most patients with grade 2 diabetic foot infections can be treated as outpatients with oral antimicrobial agents, all grade 4 and many grade 3 infections require hospitalization, stabilization of the patient, and broad-spectrum IV antibiotic therapy.31... 

After initiation of empirical antimicrobial therapy, judicious assessment of febrile neutropenic cancer patients is mandatory to evaluate response, clinical status, laboratory data, and potential need for therapy adjustments. After the administration of 72 hours or more of empirical antimicrobial therapy, the clinical status and culture results of febrile neutropenic patients should be reevaluated to determine whether or not therapeutic modifications are necessary. Additions or modifications to the initial antimicrobial regimen likely will be required in patients with ANCs of fewer than 500 cells/mm for greater than a week. Modifications of antimicrobial therapy should be based on clinical and laboratory data antibiotic therapy should be optimized based on culture results. However, during periods of neutropenia, patients generally should continue to receive broad-spectrum therapy because of the risk of secondary infections or breakthrough bacteremias when antimicrobial coverage is too narrow. ... 

Since remarkable symptomatic improvement can be achieved in most patients, antibiotic therapy is obviously the cornerstone of the treatment of SIBO [136], Ideally, the choice of an antimicrobial agent should be based on in vitro susceptibility testing of the bacteria in the small bowel of the individual patient. However, because it is impractical to obtain this information in most cases, the choice of the antibiotic is largely empiric and based on results of published series involving small intestinal cultures [137], Whereas most patients with SIBO have aero-... 

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