Anthocyanidins transport

Among phenolics, transport of anthocyanidins has received much attention. One MATE-type (multidrug and toxin efflux) transporter, TT12, a typical proton antiporter, has been involved in flavonoids sequestration into the vacuole (Debeaujon et al, 2001). 

Anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, catalyzes oxidation of leucoanthocyanidin (flavan-3,4-diol) to a 2-flaven-3,4-diol that spontaneously isomerizes to 3-flaven-2,3-diol (anthocyanidin) (Fig. 5). This is subsequently glycosylated at C-3, transported to the vacuole, and finally converted to the colored flavilium cation at the acidic... 

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